The TCP/IP mannequin and its relation to widespread protocols used at totally different layers of the modelMessage flows between two devices (A-B) at the four layers of the TCP/IP mannequin in the presence of a router . Red flows are efficient communication paths, black paths are throughout the precise network hyperlinks.A communication protocol is a set of rules for exchanging info over a network. They could additionally be connection-oriented or connectionless, they may use circuit mode or packet switching, they usually may use hierarchical addressing or flat addressing. Computer networks enhance how we communicate with each other by utilizing varied digital methods like e mail, prompt messaging, online chat, voice and video calls, and video conferencing. For example, you presumably can print a document on a shared printer or use shared storage units. Additionally, networks permit for the sharing of recordsdata and data, giving authorized users entry to knowledge stored on different computer systems.